10 Questions You Should to Know about Carbon Steel Pipe

Schedule 40 steel pipe is one of the most popular pipes used in various industries, but mainly in gas and water lines. Schedule 40 steel pipes undoubtedly gained intense popularity because of their performance and versatility.

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Not only that but also this pipe can also bear excessive pressure. Read this article to learn more about the ‘schedule 40 steel pipe’ and why you should choose it. If you need to purchase this pipe for your upcoming projects, contact professional pipe pile suppliers quickly.

What Is a Pipe Schedule?

A pipe schedule is the sizing of the wall thickness of steel pipes. In the years gone by, the experts used three pipe dimensions – extra robust, standard, and double extra strong. But having these three dimensions was not enough. That’s why, nowadays, manufacturers customize steel pipes in 14 different schedules.

What is a Schedule 40 Steel Pipe?

It is one of the most used pipe schedules. This pipe is used to make gas and water lines. Due to its effectiveness, you can use this type of pipe in various industries.

Many think that schedule 40 means the pipe has a diameter of 40 inches. But that’s not true at all. The number of the pipes does not represent any dimension. The ASME B36.10M determines the parameters for every schedule. It also regulates the numbers that designate every size.

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How Much Weight Can a Scheduled 40 Steel Pipe Bear?

How much weight it can carry depends upon various factors. For instance, if you purchase a standard pipe, that means it may demonstrate 30,000 psi yield strength.

Please consider this information; let’s say you may use a one-inch pipe over four feet. The middle of the pipe may be able to carry 300 pounds with a permanent bend of 1/4 inch. But if you put on another 60 pounds, then it may break.

What Is the Composition of Schedule 40 Steel Pipe?

Schedule 40 steel pipe is made of low carbon steel. The chemical composition of each steel pipe varies according to the welds and types.

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By now you must understand the schedule 40 steel pipe and where it is used. Keep in mind that quality should be given paramount importance while purchasing the pipes to ensure functionality. You can contact pipe pile suppliers’ company- Bigfoot Pipe And Piling, to get quality used and new steel pipes at a reasonable price.

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All Stress Engineers,

I am a pretty junior engineer in the field of stress engineering in piping.

I have been getting the round around with different stress engineers about when to worry about stress due to thermal expansion.

Just wondering, what range of temperatures should I be worried about stress due to thermal expansion? For example: if I have sweet gas operating for 5 degC to let say 40 degC should I be worried about carbon steel lines expanding.

Just trying to get a good understanding so I can determine if I need to add expandsion loops, guides etc.

Some people seem to think that every piping design need to be stressed.

Any comment or opinions would be helpful

Thanks, Although it might be borderline situation as far as temperatures are concerned, there is a possibility that 5 to 40 C can overstress particular piping configurations. For example, a straight configuration is probably not overstressed, by either axial tension or compression, but could buckle, depending on length and fixity of ends. Once buckled, secondary bending stress would add and overstress. It is also possible that somewhat flexible configurations exchange axial stress for bending stress in an inproportional manner, increasing the bending stress above axial stresses and throwing you over the combined allowable stress, where a longer loop might solve both problems.

The answer to your dilema is quite simple. You should do stress analysis on al of them until you know which configurations do not get overstressed. You'll quickly develope a feel for when you need to do calculations and where you don't.

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"The problem isn't finding the solution, its trying to get to the real question." BigInch
"The answer to your dilemma is quite simple. You should do stress analysis on all of them until you know which configurations do not get overstressed. You'll quickly develop a feel for when you need to do calculations and where you don't."

"BigInch" has given you the very best advice (above) for any novice Piping Designer or Pipe Stress Engineer.

I will offer the following:

Pipe Stress Criteria
The question:
What are the criteria for which lines need formal stress calculation?”

My answer:
You will get lots of opinions on this one. Here is what I use and teach.

1. “The rule”
(from David Diehl, COADE)
a. If the line size (nominal pipe size) times (x) the temperature (degrees F) are below then the line "may" not need formal stress analysis.
Example 3”(x) 400 degrees (F) =

b. If the line size (nominal pipe size) times (x) the temperature (degrees F) are above then the line "may" need formal stress analysis.
Example 4" (x) 400 degrees (F) =

2. If the line (regardless of temperature) connects to a pump, a compressor or other alignment sensitive equipment then it should be submitted for formal stress analysis.

3. The "May" noted above relates to the application of good judgment when considering other factors such as metallurgy and the wall thicknesses above schedule 80.


Pipe Stress Criteria #2 (Revision #20)
The question:
What is the minimum recommended temperature or temperature range for which flexibility analysis should be done per ASME B31.3?

My answer:
I do not have a copy ASME B31.3 (Old or current ) so I can't cite any specifics therein. However I would be surprised if B31.3 would give a minimum temperature for the requirement of flexibility analysis. There are just too many variables.

Flexibility Analysis might come in a number of forms and should consider many situations.
Forms:
- Visual Review
- Informal Calculations
- Formal Analysis for excessive stress caused by common factors (Temperature induced expansion, Dead/Live Loads)
- Special Analysis (i.e.: Analog studies for reciprocating compressors, seismic studies, Sea-Force studies for Offshore Platforms)

Many engineering companies may set some minimum analysis criteria on a project by project basis but there is always the exception for even "That" project.
Exceptions may include:
- Very large diameter pipe
- Very heavy wall pipe
- Very thin wall pipe
- Exotic Alloy Pipe
- Attachment to strain sensitive equipment (Pumps, Glass lined vessels, etc.)
- Extremely low temperature (Cryogenic) systems
- Any pipe installed in Arctic locations
- All other lines below the stated minimum level on a job installed in a place like Oman or Kuwait

Even if the Code makes a recommendation on this subject each Piping Lead and the assigned Pipe Stress Engineer are responsible for the proper engineering and design of the project.